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Future of Accessibility in Education: How AI is Changing the Game

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Future of Accessibility in Education: How AI is Changing the Game

Written by: Brenny Kummer

January 8, 2025

In a world where AI-infused tech is everywhere—from self-checkout lanes to voice assistants helping with day-to-day tasks and algorithms giving us accurate shopping suggestions—AI is reshaping our world. Additionally, AI has begun to transform learning environments for all learners (as well as educators). While we must stay mindful of its challenges and disruptive nature, it’s essential to recognize the tremendous potential new, advanced forms of artificial intelligence have to enhance the accessible design and empower every learner like never before.

AI isn’t as new—or as intimidating—as it may seem, especially in the world of accessibility. For years, AI-driven assistive technologies like screen readers and speech recognition have been game-changers for people with disabilities, helping them navigate and engage with digital content. As we navigate an AI-powered future, it’s important to recognize the different types and scope of AI tools. Many assistive technologies have incorporated machine learning (narrow or weak AI) for years, completing tasks like translating words or generating captions. What’s new is generative AI, which brings more robust tools capable of generating content like text, images, music, and videos. When using these tools, we should always exercise caution regarding limitations, biases, and privacy concerns.

While we must be cautious, we should also recognize the potential these tools provide for boosting accessible design. From creating descriptive text for low-vision users to real-time American Sign Language translation and rewording text passages for accommodations, AI tools are breaking barriers in accessibility. Both the 2024 National Educational Technology Plan and National AEM Center highlight AI as pivotal in closing the digital divide by providing personalized learning experiences and breaking down barriers to education. This new generation of AI allows educators to provide students with adaptive, accessible tools and personalized tutors, making learning more equitable and engaging.

Accessible design will not only be more efficient with AI but also help reduce learning barriers. According to the World Health Organization, over 1 billion people globally experience some form of disability. Accessibility benefits everyone, much like curb cut-outs on sidewalks originally designed for wheelchairs but helpful to all. Education and accessibility go hand in hand—materials must be accessible to ensure all students can succeed.

“Education and accessibility go hand in hand—materials must be accessible to ensure all students can succeed.”

Enhancing Accessibility of Resources with AI

AI tools simplify designing content with web accessibility guidelines (WCAG). Many are free or low-cost, ideal for K-12 schools.

  • Live Captions and Transcription: Tools like Google Meet, captioning across Chrome, Microsoft Teams, Microsoft accessibility settings, and Apple’s built-in features offer free real-time captions. Additional tools like Google’s Live Transcribe, Microsoft Translate (works on non-Microsoft devices), and live captions in Slides and PowerPoint Live provide real-time captions in flexible formats at no cost. Plus, there are a number of free and low-cost transcription apps that can be installed on the Android and iOS devices as well, including Apple Dictation (speak or play audio, and it will transcribe; built into accessibility settings on Apple devices), Rev (freemium), Live Transcribe + (freemium), and many others in the Apple Store. Accessibility settings within devices are easy features to toggle on that automatically add another layer of support. These tools support students who are deaf, hard of hearing, or learning new languages, making classroom discussions more accessible.

     

  • YouTube Automatic Captioning: All videos on YouTube, by default, provide automatic captions with the ability to translate captions into multiple languages in a few clicks (though, keep in mind, automated captions and auto-translated content will never be as ideal as accurate captions and translated content with the assistance of a human interpreter). By enabling captions on educational videos, teachers can support students with hearing impairments or language needs, allowing them to engage fully with visual and auditory resources. Users can edit the captions on their own videos if needed to further improve accessibility and adhere to web accessibility guidelines. Plus, all videos on YouTube also include the ability to access a transcript of all of the spoken words and audio in a video, which can then be copied, edited, printed, and shared with learners. The AI tool Glasp can help add punctuation to transcripts that don’t automatically include it, if needed. Transcripts not only act as an accessible support but also provide learners with a note-taking option, too.

     

  • BookShare, Monarch Reader, and SensusAccess: There are a number of free sources for eBooks and audiobooks, adding accessible reading options for learners who need to read with their ears or adjust font styles, size, and spacing. BookShare is a free resource supported by the U.S. Department of Education with a number of elementary-focused texts. Monarch Reader contains a library of books, all with text-to-speech built-in to support students who need audio options, as well as simplified versions of grade-level texts to ensure students in life skills classrooms can engage in the same material as their peers. Plus, SensusAccess is a tool that converts documents into accessible formats like audio, Braille, or e-books, perfect for students with visual impairments or reading disabilities.

     

Alt Text AI Generators: Alt text can help create alt text for images, graphs, and charts so that anyone relying on a screen reader to consume digital content can consume visual material as well. There are a number of AI tools that can detect content in visual media and help write alt text so that anyone utilizing a screen reader can still engage in the visual content. AI Alt Text Generator is a free AI (web-based as well as a Chrome extension) tool that can help create alt text for visuals uploaded to the site. This is a helpful way to create accessible readings, slides, and media for all learners. Additionally, the graphic design tool Canva now includes an AI alt-text generator (MagicWrite) and can help include alt text for any visuals you include in your Canva designs.

Empowering Learners with Flexible Support Tools Through AI

Studies consistently show that assistive technologies improve literacy and inclusion for students with disabilities. According to studies conducted in 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022, students with disabilities who use assistive technologies like AI-driven text-to-speech or speech recognition tools are more likely to participate and succeed in inclusive classroom settings. A 2020 study published in Assistive Technology Outcomes and Benefits, Volume 14, highlights how AI-powered technologies like word prediction software and screen readers support literacy and improve spelling accuracy for students with physical disabilities. These studies collectively underscore the positive effects of AI-powered assistive technology on students’ ability to engage in classroom activities and their overall academic success in inclusive environments. However, access alone isn’t enough—ongoing training for educators and students ensures effective implementation (see more in the COSN and CAST Blaschke Report: AI and Accessibility in Education). Most notably, AI tools empower students with the tools to personalize their learning environments:

  • Immersive Reader and Chrome Reading Mode: For starters, it is always helpful to ensure students have access to accessibility features natively built into their 1:1 devices, such as the ability to toggle on device accessibility features like select and speak, text-to-speech, and others. Additionally, there are a number of extensions and additional web tools that can provide students with further customization of text, display, and language. Microsoft Immersive Reader is a powerful tool designed for students with learning differences in reading (like dyslexia) as well as support for vision needs and English language learners. With text-to-speech, translation, color contrast, spacing options, and line-focus features, it enables all students to engage deeply with reading materials. Dictionary and picture dictionary features provide multiple means of representation for multilingual learners and students who need alternatives to written text. Immersive Reader also provides a helpful breakdown of syllables in words and parts of speech. Integrated across Microsoft products, including Word, OneNote, and Edge, it’s also available in many other educational apps and websites, including the Canvas learning management system, making it an excellent, no-cost resource for making reading accessible to everyone. There’s even a version of Immersive Reader available as a free extension for Google Chrome. Chrome and Google users can also leverage Chrome Reading Mode on any device where the Chrome browser is available. Apple users can leverage a number of device settings to provide customization. Reader Mode can help remove distractions and provide customization for font, size, color, and spacing. Speak Screen and Speak Selection (Spoken Context) can provide text-to-speech support, while other accessibility features like screen distance (protect vision health), low vision settings, and assistive touch (helps with mobility, touch) can be accessed via the accessibility shortcuts menu.

     

  • Natural Reader and Speechify: In addition to the tools listed above, Natural Reader is a fantastic text-to-speech tool for students who need reading support and want to have different options for the voices within a single text-to-speech tool. The free version allows students to listen to content, while the paid version adds features like additional voices and language options. Plus, the tool can provide text-to-speech with PDFs. Similarly, an alternative option for text-to-speech, audio listening is the freemium tool Speechify, which can also be accessed with the free Chrome extension. In the free version, students can select from 10 reading voices and convert digital text to audio material in a few clicks.

     

  • Grammarly: AI-powered writing assistants can help remove barriers in action, expression, and communication. Grammarly supports students’ writing by offering real-time grammar and spelling suggestions. For students with dyslexia or learning disabilities, Grammarly’s free version helps them produce clearer, error-free work, building confidence and writing skills along the way. Students who may have a lot to say, but who experience writer’s block or spelling challenges can use the tool to overcome these obstacles, building their writing muscle and finding their voice in the process. Tools like Wordtune and ProWriting Aid can provide similar features.

     

  • Read&Write by Texthelp: A suite of tools for reading, writing, and comprehension, Read&Write by Texthelp includes text-to-speech, Co:Writer word prediction, and a picture dictionary, perfect for students with learning differences. The translation features available in the tool can also be helpful for English language learners.

Removing Barriers to Demonstrating Understanding

Student using a laptop with a dog standing nearby.
Photo from Unsplash by Alexander Grey

AI unlocks new ways for students to express knowledge, aligned with Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles. Offering purposeful options like voice typing, multimedia projects, and AI-enhanced tutors ensures every student has meaningful ways to showcase mastery.

  • Voice Typing: Voice typing is an easy, cost-effective way to provide students with another accessible means to demonstrate their understanding of a topic or in writing a paper, especially if students experience writer’s block, face barriers in spelling, or need to talk through their ideas. Tools like Google Docs voice typing, Chromebook dictationMicrosoft dictation, and Apple dictation enable students with mobility or writing challenges to participate in literacy tasks.

     

  • Adaptive Tools and Tutors: AI tools hold tremendous potential as personalized tutors, capable of coaching students through problem sets, providing immediate feedback to redirect learning, and much more. Adaptive learning tools with AI-enhanced features have been available for years, helping students access feedback, remediation, and challenges tailored to their needs. These tools have also helped alleviate some of the workload for teachers by quickly delivering targeted practice and guidance. However, the emergence of more advanced AI tools has introduced personalized tutors that offer a broader range of responsive and adaptive learning experiences. Personalized AI tutors like Mizou (free), SchoolAI (freemium), and MagicSchool (freemium) act as versatile learning assistants, helping students conduct research, receive feedback, access remediation or extension activities, clarify vocabulary, or even practice language skills through translanguaging text and audio between their preferred language(s) and English. These tools provide tailored academic support based on student input, offering accessible ways to demonstrate understanding and build skills in challenging subjects. They are particularly beneficial for students who need extra guidance to break down complex topics, work through assignments, or address lingering questions. Additionally, adaptive AI-powered platforms like Quizizz AI (freemium) can create personalized problem sets based on student performance, deliver explanations and feedback, and provide teachers with valuable data to inform instruction. Quizlet AI’s Q-Chat (freemium)

     

  • Adobe Express and Canva: AI-powered multimedia tools let students demonstrate understanding creatively, encouraging higher-order thinking and engagement. AI-powered tools like Adobe Express (free for school districts) and Canva (free for school districts) are transforming how students express themselves creatively, removing barriers to learning and making higher-order thinking more accessible. These tools enable students to create multimedia projects with the aid of AI, providing multiple pathways to demonstrate their understanding of learning goals while fostering creativity and engagement. AI image generators, AI video generators, and AI animations can help students bring their ideas to life.

     

Conclusion: A Future of Accessibility Powered by AI

AI is more than just a technological advancement; it’s a powerful tool reshaping accessibility in education. From real-time transcription to personalized learning support, AI is enabling educators to build more inclusive, adaptive classrooms. One of the best parts? Most of these tools are affordable, easy to integrate, and bring powerful accessibility solutions within reach for all schools. By embracing these tools, educators can ensure all students are provided with a learning environment to support their needs, giving every learner the chance to succeed. When it comes to accessibility, we can all do better when we know better. Let’s level up our accessibility best practices and leverage AI to build a brighter, more accessible future for every student. When we design with accessibility in mind, especially from the beginning, we honor our learners’ differences and celebrate their uniqueness.

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Contributor

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    Brenny Kummer is the Coordinator of Instructional Technology for Bartholomew Consolidated School Corporation in Columbus, Indiana. With Universal Design for Learning serving as the district instructional framework in her home district, Brenny has a passion for Universal Design for Learning, inclusion, and accessibility. She has experience hosting UDL visitors as a classroom teacher and speaking about UDL at the state, national, and international level (BCSC UDL events, CAST-UDL events, and multiple UDL-IRN International Summits). She has presented about UDL and accessibility at ISTE, IMS Global, a COSN webinar panel, ICE Indiana, multiple EdTech Team Summits, PATINS Indiana Access to Education Conference, and the Indiana HECC conference. Prior to her role in technology, she taught social studies at the secondary level. Brenny is a Google Certified Trainer, Google Certified Educator levels 1 and 2, Wakelet Ambassador, Mote Ambassador, FlipGrid Grid Guide, and loves finding new, fun ways to utilize technology support learner variability! She is also one of the "Share" captins for the Indiana Google Educator Group (GEG).In her role in the technology realm, she bridges the gap between technology and classroom instruction. She seeks to identify technology solutions to help further Universal Design for Learning (UDL) implementation and inspire innovative learning. She also coordinates eLearning (virtual learning) days for the district.In her spare time, Brenny enjoys running, reading, traveling, and spending time with family and her two Siberian huskies.

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